Balancing Tradition and Modernity: Islamic Education in the Evolution of Wetu Telu in Northern Lombok
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15642/jpai.2024.12.2.121-152Keywords:
Islam Wetu Telu, Values of Islamic Religious Education, Resilience, Adaptation, Religious DiversityAbstract
This research explores Wetu Telu Islam, focusing on Islamic Religious Education Values: Continuity and Efforts of Islamic Da'wah-Education of Wetu Telu Islam in the Context of the Five-Time Islam, resilience, and adaptation within the religious landscape of the Sasak community in North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Wetu Telu Islam, a unique form of Islam, is rarely studied within the context of religious diversity in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach, collecting data through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal how Wetu Telu Islam integrates into the daily lives of the Sasak community in North Lombok, highlighting the role of cultural values, traditions, and local wisdom in sustaining this tradition. Additionally, the research uncovers the role of Islamic Religious Education Values as a crucial spiritual foundation in shaping the community’s identity and morals, illustrating how values such as moral integrity, religious knowledge, and adaptable teachings contribute to the enduring relevance of Wetu Telu Islam amid the development of Five-Time Islam. This study emphasizes how Wetu Telu Islam not only survives but also adapts in response to the influence of more formal Islamic traditions. The integration of Islamic Religious Education Values offers a deeper understanding of how the Sasak community maintains their ancestral values while accommodating the dynamics of modern religious beliefs. The research aims to enrich the understanding of Wetu Telu Islam as an evolving tradition and provide insights for developing inclusive policies that support religious diversity in Indonesia, particularly in West Nusa Tenggara.
References
Adonis, Tito. Suku Terasing Sasak Di Bayan Propinsi NTB. Mataram: Depdikbud, 1989.
Adornetti, Ines, Alessandra Chiera, Valentina Deriu, Daniela Altavilla, and Francesco Ferretti. “Comprehending Stories in Pantomime. A Pilot Study with Typically Developing Children and Its Implications for the Narrative Origin of Language.” Language & Communication 93 (November 2023): 155–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2023.10.001.
Afandi, Ahmad. “Kepercayaan Animisme-Dinamisme Serta Adaptasi Kebudayaan Hindu-Budha Dengan Kebudayaan Asli Di Pulau Lombok-NTB.” Historis | FKIP UMMat 1, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 1. https://doi.org/10.31764/historis.v1i1.202.
Akhter, Waheed, Vasileios Pappas, and Saad Ullah Khan. “A Comparison of Islamic and Conventional Insurance Demand: Worldwide Evidence during the Global Financial Crisis.” Research in International Business and Finance 42 (December 2017): 1401–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2017.07.079.
Alabbad, Amal, Jafar Al Saleem, and M. Kabir Hassan. “Does Religious Diversity Play Roles in Corporate Environmental Decisions?” Journal of Business Research 148 (September 2022): 489–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.04.058.
Anand, Pratyush, P.K.S. Tejes, B. Kiran Naik, and Hakeem Niyas. “Design Analysis and Performance Prediction of Packed Bed Latent Heat Storage System Employing Machine Learning Models.” Journal of Energy Storage 72 (November 2023): 108690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.108690.
Anom Kumbara, Anak Agung Ngurah, and Nanang Sutrisno. “Kontestasi Keberagamaan Umat Hindu Dan Islam Wetu Telu Di Pura Lingsar Lombok Barat.” Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 8, no. 2 (April 17, 2024): 157–70. https://doi.org/10.37329/jpah.v8i2.2725.
Athhar, Zaki Yamani. “Kearifan Lokal Dalam Ajaran Islam Wetu Telu Di Lombok.” ULUMUNA 9, no. 1 (June 10, 2005): 70. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v9i1.443.
Baal, J. Van. Pesta Alip Di Bayan. Jakarta: Bharatara, 1976.
Bahcecioglu Turan, Gülcan, Esra Yıldız, and Zülfünaz Özer. “The Effects of Strength of Religious Faith on Post-Traumatic Growth in Patients with Epilepsy.” Epilepsy & Behavior 146 (September 2023): 109343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109343.
Balakrishnan, Vishalache. “Civics Education in Malaysia: A Clash between Ethics, Religion and Cultural Norms.” Asian Education and Development Studies 11, no. 4 (September 13, 2022): 581–91. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-09-2020-0225.
Booth, Eric G., Jiangxiao Qiu, Stephen R. Carpenter, Jason Schatz, Xi Chen, Christopher J. Kucharik, Steven P. Loheide, Melissa M. Motew, Jenny M. Seifert, and Monica G. Turner. “From Qualitative to Quantitative Environmental Scenarios: Translating Storylines into Biophysical Modeling Inputs at the Watershed Scale.” Environmental Modelling & Software 85 (November 2016): 80–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.08.008.
Brodeur, Magaly, Sophie Audette-Chapdelaine, Nicolas Lavoie, Cyril Devault-Tousignant, Anne-Marie Auger, Adèle Morvannou, Andrée-Anne Légaré, Eva Monson, Didier Jutras-Aswad, and Catherine Hudon. “A Call for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Research on Gambling and Cannabis.” Addictive Behaviors Reports 17 (June 2023): 100494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2023.100494.
Budiwanti, Erni. Islam Sasak: Wetu Telu Versus Waktu Lima. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2000.
Chaudhary, Niraj. “Constructivist Pedagogy and ESL Learning in Nepal.” Journal for Research Scholars and Professionals of English Language Teaching 8, no. 43 (April 1, 2024). https://doi.org/10.54850/jrspelt.8.43.001.
Chidembo, Ranganai, Joseph Francis, and Simbarashe Kativhu. “Underlying Beliefs That Influence Solar Home System Adoption in Vhembe District Municipality, South Africa.” Social Sciences & Humanities Open 9 (2024): 100754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100754.
Çırak Sağdıç, Busra, Gamze Bozkul, and Sabri Karahan. “Experiences, Difficulties and Coping Methods of Female Nurses Caring for Breast Cancer Surgery Patients: A Qualitative Study.” European Journal of Oncology Nursing 69 (April 2024): 102511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102511.
Colvin, Victoria E., Marjorie L. Prokosch, Jason Von Meding, Ksenia Chmutina, and Colin Tucker Smith. “Individual Differences in Psychological Rigidity and Beliefs about System Fitness Predict Attitudes about Social Determinants of Disaster Risk.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 95 (September 2023): 103876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103876.
Conger, Jay A. “Max Weber’s Conceptualization of Charismatic Authority: Its Influence on Organizational Research.” The Leadership Quarterly 4, no. 3–4 (2020): 277–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(93)90035-R.
De Araújo, Olga Oliveira, Orangel Aguilera, Dayana Alvarado, Beatriz Guimarães, Vinicius Kutter, Ana Paula Linhares, Daniel Lima, Julianny Dos Santos Silva, and Ricardo Tadeu Lopes. “A COMPARATIVE APPROACH EMPLOYING MICROCT FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CENOZOIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BRAZILIAN CARBONATE EQUATORIAL PLATFORM.” Micron, February 2024, 103611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2024.103611.
De Cian, Enrica, Shouro Dasgupta, Andries F. Hof, Mariësse A.E. Van Sluisveld, Jonathan Köhler, Benjamin Pfluger, and Detlef P. Van Vuuren. “Actors, Decision-Making, and Institutions in Quantitative System Modelling.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 151 (February 2020): 119480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.10.004.
Dickinson, David L. “Deliberation, Mood Response, and the Confirmation Bias in the Religious Belief Domain.” Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 109 (April 2024): 102161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2024.102161.
Ecklund, Judith. Tradition or Non Tradition: Adat, Islam, and Local Control on Lombok. New York: Cornell University Press, 1981.
Encung and Baiq Rida Kartini. “The Urgency of Renewing Islamic Sufism (Neo-Sufism) Fazlur Rahman’s Perspective in the Discourse of Modernity.” AL-IKHSAN: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies 1, no. 2 (October 21, 2023): 31–47. https://doi.org/10.61166/ikhsan.v1i2.12.
Fahmi, Fikri Zul, Eri Krismiyaningsih, Saut Aritua H. Sagala, and Sonny Rustiadi. “Creative Industries and Disaster Resilience: A Focus on Arts- and Culture-Based Industries in Indonesia.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 99 (2023): 104136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.104136.
Fárek, Martin, and Artur Boháč. “Asian NRMs in the Czech Republic: Consequences of Their Recognition by State in the Era of Religious Freedom.” Interdisciplinary Journal for Religion and Transformation in Contemporary Society 9, no. 1 (May 30, 2023): 64–92. https://doi.org/10.30965/23642807-bja10075.
Fitt, Helen. “Habitus and the Loser Cruiser: How Low Status Deters Bus Use in a Geographically Limited Field.” Journal of Transport Geography 70 (June 2018): 228–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.06.011.
Flemming, Kate, Andrew Booth, Karin Hannes, Margaret Cargo, and Jane Noyes. “Cochrane Qualitative and Implementation Methods Group Guidance Series—Paper 6: Reporting Guidelines for Qualitative, Implementation, and Process Evaluation Evidence Syntheses.” Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 97 (May 2018): 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.10.022.
Garbatov, Yordan, Petar Georgiev, and Dimitar Yalamov. “Risk-Based Retrofitting Analysis Employing the Carbon Intensity Indicator.” Ocean Engineering 289 (December 2023): 116283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116283.
Gebisa, Amanuel, Girma Gebresenbet, Rajendiran Gopal, and Ramesh Babu Nallamothu. “An Experimental Assessment of Simultaneous Reduction in Vehicle Tailpipe Emissions Employing Desirability Function Analysis.” Cleaner Engineering and Technology, February 2024, 100731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2024.100731.
Gentina, Elodie, Kun-Huang Huarng, and Mototaka Sakashita. “A Social Comparison Theory Approach to Mothers’ and Daughters’ Clothing Co-Consumption Behaviors: A Cross-Cultural Study in France and Japan.” Journal of Business Research 89 (August 2018): 361–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.12.032.
Giovine, Manuel Alejandro, and Juan Barri. “La Agencia En La Sociología de Pierre Bourdieu y Anthony Giddens.” Estudios Sociológicos de El Colegio de México 42 (September 12, 2023): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.24201/es.2024v42.e2404.
Gurbin, Tracey. “Enlivening The Machinist Perspective: Humanising The Information Processing Theory With Social And Cultural Influences.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 197 (July 2015): 2331–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.263.
Gustiawan, Ricky, Yeni Erita, and Desyandri. “Pandangan Filsafat Terhadap Pendidikan Karakter Secara Ontologi, Epistimolgi, Dan Aksiologi (Studi Literatur).” Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang 8, no. 2 (January 8, 2023): 2537–47. https://doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v8i2.570.
Haris, Tawaluddin. Islam Wetu Telu Sedikit Tentang Sejarah Dan Ajarannya. Jakarta: UI Press, 1978.
Hashimov, Elmar. “Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook and The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers: Matthew B. Miles, A. Michael Huberman, and Johnny Saldaña. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2014. 381 Pp. Johnny Saldaña. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2013. 303 Pp.” Technical Communication Quarterly 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 109–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10572252.2015.975966.
Heruti, Vered, and Athar Haj Yahya. “‘The Things I See from Here, You Don’t See from There’: Promoting Multicultural Awareness in a Diverse Society by Intercultural Encounters in Two Museum Spaces.” International Journal of Intercultural Relations 100 (May 2024): 101979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.101979.
Hitchner, Sarah, John Schelhas, and Puneet Dwivedi. “Safe Havens: The Intersection of Family, Religion, and Community in Black Cultural Landscapes of the Southeastern United States.” Landscape and Urban Planning 214 (October 2021): 104136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104136.
Hu, Wenwen. “Study of Cultural Adaptation in the Context of Intercultural Communication.” International Journal of Education and Humanities 11, no. 3 (December 13, 2023): 440–43. https://doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v11i3.15141.
Husu, Hanna-Mari. “Rethinking Incumbency: Utilising Bourdieu’s Field, Capital, and Habitus to Explain Energy Transitions.” Energy Research & Social Science 93 (November 2022): 102825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102825.
Judd, Mary Poo-Moo. The Sociology of Rural Poverty in Lombok, Desertation. Berkeley: Berkeley University, 1980.
Kadakia, H. Hemal, A. Kokkirala, A. Ahlberg, G. Noble, G.V. Heller, J.S. Cullom, I. Leka, and G. Tadeo. “Impact of Body Habitus on Attenuation Correction Using Transmission Truncation Compensation with a Small Field of View Camera.” Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 14, no. 2 (March 2007): S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclcard.2006.12.062.
Koch, Anne. “Cosmopolitan Modes of Governance of Religious Diversity across Europe.” Interdisciplinary Journal for Religion and Transformation in Contemporary Society 6, no. 2 (December 11, 2020): 533–49. https://doi.org/10.30965/23642807-00602015.
Koch, Susanne, and Camilla Tetley. “What ‘Counts’ in International Forest Policy Research? A Conference Ethnography of Valuation Practice and Habitus in an Interdisciplinary Social Science Field.” Forest Policy and Economics 154 (September 2023): 103034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2023.103034.
LaMarre, Andrea, and Kerry Chamberlain. “Innovating Qualitative Research Methods: Proposals and Possibilities.” Methods in Psychology 6 (November 2022): 100083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metip.2021.100083.
Li, Nao, Leyan Li, Xiaoming Chen, and IpKin Anthony Wong. “Digital Destination Storytelling: Narrative Persuasion Effects Induced by Story Satisfaction in a VR Context.” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 58 (March 2024): 184–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.12.007.
Liu, Yunqing, Jiajun Zhang, and Hongjuan Tang. “Deciphering the Environmental Values behind Green Purchasing: A Mixed-Method Exploration through Regression Analysis and Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis.” Journal of Cleaner Production 436 (January 2024): 140570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140570.
Loder-Jackson, Tondra L., Mary Ann Bodine Al-Sharif, Christopher E. Jones, Martez D. Files, and Charletta N. Wiggins. “Critical Race Theory and Educational Research Utilizing Qualitative Methods.” In International Encyclopedia of Education(Fourth Edition), 67–77. Elsevier, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818630-5.11007-3.
Macmillan, Alexandra, Michael Davies, Clive Shrubsole, Naomi Luxford, Neil May, Lai Fong Chiu, Evelina Trutnevyte, Yekatherina Bobrova, and Zaid Chalabi. “Integrated Decision-Making about Housing, Energy and Wellbeing: A Qualitative System Dynamics Model.” Environmental Health 15, no. S1 (December 2016): S37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0098-z.
Mansyur, Zaenuddin. “Penerapan Ajaran Islam Wetu Telu Di Tengah Ajaran Islam Waktu Lima: Upaya Melestarikan Kearifan Lokal Muslim Sasak.” Religió: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama 9, no. 2 (September 20, 2019): 222–43. https://doi.org/10.15642/religio.v9i2.1206.
Mbaye, Adama, Jörn Schmidt, and Marie-Christine Cormier-Salem. “Social Construction of Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies among Senegalese Artisanal Fishers: Between Empirical Knowledge, Magico-Religious Practices and Sciences.” Social Sciences & Humanities Open 7, no. 1 (2023): 100360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2022.100360.
McNeely, Jeffrey A., and Unai Pascual. “Social and Cultural Factors.” In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, 30–38. Elsevier, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822562-2.00252-8.
Minton, Elizabeth A., Lynn R. Kahle, and Chung-Hyun Kim. “Religion and Motives for Sustainable Behaviors: A Cross-Cultural Comparison and Contrast.” Journal of Business Research 68, no. 9 (September 2015): 1937–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.003.
Mittal, Shweta, Vishal Gupta, and Manoj Motiani. “Examining the Linkages between Employee Brand Love, Affective Commitment, Positive Word-of-Mouth, and Turnover Intentions: A Social Identity Theory Perspective.” IIMB Management Review 34, no. 1 (March 2022): 7–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2022.04.002.
Muliadi, Erlan, Akhmad Asyari, Jumarim Jumarim, and Ulyan Nasri. “Exploring Traditional Wisdom: Values Education in the Games of the Sasak Tribe, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.” Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy 8, no. 03 (March 24, 2024): 168–79. https://doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2024.v08i03.004.
Muliadi, Erlan, and Ulyan Nasri. “Future-Oriented Education: The Contribution of Educational Philosophy in Facing Global Challenges.” Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan 8, no. 4 (November 13, 2023): 2420–27. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i4.1807.
Myers, Susan, Holly A. Syrdal, Raj V. Mahto, and Sandipan S. Sen. “Social Religion: A Cross-Platform Examination of the Impact of Religious Influencer Message Cues on Engagement – The Christian Context.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 191 (June 2023): 122442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122442.
Nagamani, Gowrisetti, B. Kiran Naik, and Sumit Agarwal. “Energetic and Exergetic Performance Analyses of Mobile Thermochemical Energy Storage System Employing Industrial Waste Heat.” Energy 288 (February 2024): 129730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.129730.
Nainggolan, Mary Monalisa, and Lamhot Naibaho. “The Integration of Kohlberg Moral Development Theory with Education Character.” Technium Social Sciences Journal 31 (May 9, 2022): 203–12. https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v31i1.6417.
Nana, Paul Alain, Moïse Nola, Didier Debroas, and Télesphore Sime-Ngando. “Scientific Culture and Ancestral Beliefs in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of the Murderous Disasters of Lakes Monoun and Nyos in Cameroon.” Scientific African 20 (July 2023): e01626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e01626.
Nasri, Ulyan. “Memotret Bias Gender Dalam Konteks Sosio-Kultural Lombok Menuju Sebuah Humanisme Sosio-Spritual.” Al-Munawwarah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 3, no. 2 (2018): 90.
———. “Paradigma Filsafat Islam: Revitalisasi Pendidikan Multikultural Telaah Pemikiran TGKH. Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Madjid Lombok.” Al-Qalam: Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Pendidikan 16, no. 1 (June 7, 2024): 8–21. https://doi.org/10.47435/al-qalam.v16i1.2293.
Newman, Andrew, Anna Goulding, and Christopher Whitehead. “How Cultural Capital, Habitus and Class Influence the Responses of Older Adults to the Field of Contemporary Visual Art.” Poetics 41, no. 5 (October 2013): 456–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2013.07.001.
Ngurah, I Gusti, and dkk. Kamus Sasak Indonesia. Jakarta: Depdikbud, 1985.
Nicolodi, Caroline, William Henrique Slominski, Gisele Chibinski Parabocz, Suellen Pericolo, José Augusto Da-Col, and Edmar Martendal. “Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction - Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Qualitative Screening Method for Active Compounds, Adulterants and Impurities in Ecstasy Tablets Seized in Northern Santa Catarina State, Brazil.” Forensic Science International 355 (February 2024): 111932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111932.
Nusantara, Yayasan Bhakti Wawasan. Profil Propinsi NTB. Jakarta: Yayasan Bhakti Wawasan Nusantara, 1992.
Papada, Lefkothea, Nikolas Katsoulakos, Ilias Doulos, Dimitris Kaliampakos, and Dimitris Damigos. “Analyzing Energy Poverty with Fuzzy Cognitive Maps: A Step-Forward towards a More Holistic Approach.” Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 14, no. 5 (May 4, 2019): 159–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2019.1634162.
Pink, Sarah. “ETHNOGRAPHY OF THE INVISIBLE Energy in the Multisensory Home.” Ethnologia Europaea 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2011). https://doi.org/10.16995/ee.1082.
Qi, Yuwei, Sijmen A. Reijneveld, Josué Almansa, Sandra Brouwer, and J. Cok Vrooman. “Diverging Death Risks: Mortality as a Corollary of Economic, Social, Cultural and Person Capital.” SSM - Population Health 25 (March 2024): 101644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101644.
Qin, Yao, and Xuehua Wang. “Power Distance Belief and the Desire for Uniqueness.” Journal of Business Research 160 (May 2023): 113766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113766.
Rama, Ali, Chunxia Jiang, Sofia Johan, Hong Liu, and Yong Mai. “Religious and Social Narratives and Crowdfunding Success.” Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money 80 (September 2022): 101595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101595.
Rasmianto, Rasmianto. “Interrelasi Kiai, Penghulu dan Pemangku Adat dalam Tradisi Islam Wetu Telu di Lombok.” el-Harakah 11, no. 2 (August 30, 2009): 139–54. https://doi.org/10.18860/el.v0i0.429.
Rastogi, Sanjeev, Preeti Pandey, Kiran Maurya, Sumit Kumar, Ankita Varma, Chinmayi R, and Girish Singh. “Self Reported Benefits of Participating in Group Prayer in a Hospital Outpatient Setting: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.” Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine 14, no. 5 (September 2023): 100738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100738.
Rasyidi, Abdul Haris, and Ulyan Nasri. “Muslim Sasak Female Scholars: Empowerment and Strengthening of Islamic Education in the Lombok Community, Indonesia.” Path of Science: International Electronic Scientific Journal 9, no. 12 (2023): 3028–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.99-8.
Ruiz-Frau, A., A. Ospina-Alvarez, S. Villasante, P. Pita, I. Maya-Jariego, and S. De Juan. “Using Graph Theory and Social Media Data to Assess Cultural Ecosystem Services in Coastal Areas: Method Development and Application.” Ecosystem Services 45 (October 2020): 101176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101176.
Ruzol, Clarissa, Daylinda Banzon-Cabanilla, Rico Ancog, and Eleno Peralta. “Understanding Water Pollution Management: Evidence and Insights from Incorporating Cultural Theory in Social Network Analysis.” Global Environmental Change 45 (July 2017): 183–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.06.009.
Saada, Najwan. “Educating for Global Citizenship in Religious Education: Islamic Perspective.” International Journal of Educational Development 103 (November 2023): 102894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102894.
Salam, Solichin. Lombok Pulau Perawan. Jakarta: Kuning Mas, 1992.
Schoville, Meltem Çengel, Robert Guy Schoville, Suna Çöğmen, and Serap Yılmaz Özelçi. “Habitus in Elite Public High Schools: A Case Study from the Perspectives of Shareholders.” International Journal of Educational Development 109 (September 2024): 103107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103107.
Shaba, Jabulani, and Sandra Swart. “The Occult Goes Underground: Rumour, Rituals, and the Everyday Entrepreneurship of Women in Artisanal Gold Mining in Mazowe, Zimbabwe, c. 2000–2021.” The Extractive Industries and Society 17 (March 2024): 101409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101409.
Smith, Jonathan Davis, Ronald Adam, and Samsul Maarif. “How Social Movements Use Religious Creativity to Address Environmental Crises in Indonesian Local Communities.” Global Environmental Change 84 (January 2024): 102772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102772.
———. “How Social Movements Use Religious Creativity to Address Environmental Crises in Indonesian Local Communities.” Global Environmental Change 84 (January 2024): 102772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102772.
Srithongchai, Thanun, and Mohamed B. Gadi. “People’s Adaptation to Thermal Conditions inside Buildings for Religious Practice.” Building and Environment 185 (November 2020): 107115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107115.
Srivastava, Prachi, and Nick Hopwood. “A Practical Iterative Framework for Qualitative Data Analysis.” International Journal of Qualitative Methods 8, no. 1 (March 2009): 76–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690900800107.
Sudiartawan, I Wayan, and I Wayan Sutama. “Komunikasi Budaya Dalam Tradisi Ngelowong Masyarakat Sasak Wetu Telu Di Lombok.” Samvada : Jurnal Riset Komunikasi, Media, Dan Public Relation 1, no. 2 (November 17, 2022): 75–86. https://doi.org/10.53977/jsv.v1i2.762.
Sukenti, Kurniasih, Luchman Hakim, Serafinah Indriyani, Y. Purwanto, and Peter J. Matthews. “Ethnobotanical Study on Local Cuisine of the Sasak Tribe in Lombok Island, Indonesia.” Journal of Ethnic Foods 3, no. 3 (2016): 189–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jef.2016.08.002.
Sun, Weikang, Zhiqi Wei, and Shixiang Zou. “Exploring the Impact of Religious Diversity on Market Performance and Financial Growth in Developed Economies.” Research in International Business and Finance 71 (August 2024): 102440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2024.102440.
Tandana, Ester A., Esti Koku Yowa, and Novida Dwici Yuanri Manik. “CHARACTER EDUCATION IN FORMING STUDENT BEHAVIOR: A Viewpoint of Christian Religious Education Learning.” Didache: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristiani 3, no. 2 (July 3, 2022): 161–76. https://doi.org/10.55076/didache.v4i1.48.
Tomalin, Emma. “Religion, Ecology and Hindu Nationalism in India.” Religion and Development 2, no. 3 (March 13, 2024): 463–82. https://doi.org/10.30965/27507955-20230032.
Wæraas, Arild. “The Re-Enchantment of Social Institutions: Max Weber and Public Relations.” Public Relations Review 33, no. 3 (September 2007): 281–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2007.05.007.
Wang, Peng, and Francisco Olivos. “Where Do Opportunity Beliefs Come from? Implications of Intergenerational Social Mobility for Beliefs about the Distribution System in China.” Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 89 (February 2024): 100888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100888.
Wibowo, Sigit, Muhammad Nur Wangid, and Fery Muhamad Firdaus. “The Relevance of Vygotsky’s Constructivism Learning Theory with the Differentiated Learning Primary Schools.” Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 19, no. 1 (February 2, 2025): 431–40. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v19i1.21197.
Yu, Qinyao. “Simulation of the Interactive Prediction of Contemporary Social Change and Religious Socialization Based on Big Data.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 184 (November 2022): 122038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122038.
Zaki. “Tradisi Islam Suku Sasak Di Bayan Lombok Barat, Studi Historis Tentang Islam Wetu Telu 1890-1965.” Skripsi, IAIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2015.
Zelekha, Yaron, and Gil Avnimelech. “Cultural and Personal Channels between Religion, Religiosity, and Corruption.” Heliyon 9, no. 6 (June 2023): e16882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16882.
Zidni, Zidni, Suhupawati Suhupawati, B. Fitri Rahmawati, and Muhammad Shulhan Hadi. “Nilai-Nilai Sejarah Kemaliq Lingsar Dan Peranannya Bagi Kehidupan Masyarakat Desa Lingsar Lombok Barat.” Jurnal Humanitas: Katalisator Perubahan Dan Inovator Pendidikan 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 108–21. https://doi.org/10.29408/jhm.v7i2.3660.
Zuhdi, Muhammad Harfin. “Islam Wetu Telu di Bayan Lombok: Dialektika Islam dan Budaya Lokal.” Akademika: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 17, no. 2 (2012): 1–24.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ulyan Nasri, Erlan Muliadi, Abdul Haris Rasyidi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
