Reasoned Pluralism: Al-Rāzī’s Rationalist Exegesis and an Endogenous Foundation for Multicultural Moral Education in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15642/jpai.2026.14.1.17-38Keywords:
Multicultural Education, Tarbawi Interpretation, Moral EducationAbstract
Diversity encompassing ethnicity, religion, language, culture, traditions and other aspects within society must be carefully nurtured so that it does not lead to polarisation or become a source of conflict. This study is a qualitative analysis of the concept of multicultural education from the perspective of tarbawi exegesis, based on the thought al-RāzĪ in his exegesis, Mafātiḥ al-Ghaib, and to highlight the relevance of this concept of multicultural education to the promotion of moderate moral education in Indonesia today. This study seeks to analyse the content of four verses in Surah Al-Hujurat (49):13, Surah Al-Baqarah [2]:256, Surah Ar- Rūm [30]:22, and Surah Al-Mumtahanah [60]:8. The research findings indicate that (1) the concept of multicultural education in al-RāzĪ encompasses equality and tolerance, universal justice, the objectives of mutual understanding and competition, and freedom of religion and rationality, (2) the relevance of these concepts of multicultural education to the strengthening of moderate moral education in Indonesia lies in the formation of a moderate character, the reinforcement of moral values of tolerance and anti-radicalism, and the development of a moral education curriculum. This study recommends a robust epistemological framework drawn from normative sources and national regulatory frameworks, a profound ontological understanding of the nature of multiculturalism, and a comprehensive axiological approach to moral education that is adaptive, relevant, and brings significant benefits to all.
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