Correction and Retraction

Alfazuna: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban

Alfazuna: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors or concerns may occasionally be identified after an article has been published. When such issues arise, the journal will take appropriate and transparent action to correct the scholarly record and inform readers of any significant concerns affecting a publication.

This policy applies to all articles published in Alfazuna and is implemented in accordance with recognized publication ethics principles and applicable research integrity guidelines.

1. Correction Policy

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article and the error can be addressed without invalidating the overall findings, interpretation, or scholarly contribution of the work.

Corrections may concern, but are not limited to:

• Errors in author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, or funding information.

• Typographical, grammatical, or editorial errors that materially affect the clarity or interpretation of the article.

• Errors in tables, figures, equations, references, or other published information.

• Inaccuracies in data presentation or descriptions of research methods that can be corrected without undermining the validity of the findings.

• Omissions or inaccuracies in disclosures, including conflicts of interest or relevant research information.

Minor typographical or formatting errors that do not affect the meaning or interpretation of an article may not require a formal correction notice. The editorial team will determine whether an error warrants a correction based on its nature and potential impact.

2. Procedures for Requesting a Correction

Requests for corrections may be submitted by authors, readers, reviewers, editors, or other individuals who identify a potential error in a published article.

A correction request should include:

1. The title of the published article, author names, and DOI or other identifying information.

2. A clear description of the error and its location in the article.

3. The proposed correction and supporting evidence, where applicable.

4. An explanation of whether the error affects the interpretation, results, or conclusions of the article.

The editorial team will assess the request and may consult the authors, independent experts, or other relevant parties before making a decision. Authors may be asked to provide clarification or supporting documentation.

The journal reserves the right to initiate a correction independently when a significant error is identified, even if the authors do not submit a correction request.

3. Publication of Corrections

When a correction is approved, Alfazuna will publish a formal correction notice that clearly identifies the original article and explains the nature of the error and the correction made.

Where technically possible, the correction notice will be linked to the original article, and the corrected article will be clearly identified. The journal will preserve the transparency of the publication record and avoid making silent changes to published content when a formal notice is warranted.

Corrections will be dated and made publicly accessible in accordance with the journal's publication practices. The original publication record will remain traceable.

4. Retraction Policy

Retraction is a mechanism for correcting the scholarly record when a published article is found to be unreliable or otherwise unsuitable to remain part of the valid scholarly literature.

Alfazuna may retract a published article when there is clear evidence of serious problems, including but not limited to:

• Unreliable findings: The results or conclusions are materially unreliable because of major errors, fabricated data, falsified data, or serious methodological problems.

• Plagiarism: Substantial portions of the article improperly reproduce another person's work without appropriate acknowledgment.

• Redundant publication: The article substantially duplicates previously published work without adequate justification or disclosure.

• Research misconduct: The article is associated with established or sufficiently substantiated research misconduct that warrants retraction.

• Unethical research: The research involved serious ethical violations, such as the absence of required ethical approval or consent where applicable.

• Compromised publication process: The article was published through a seriously compromised peer review or editorial process.

• Other serious integrity concerns: Other circumstances establish that retraction is necessary to protect the accuracy and reliability of the scholarly record.

Retraction will not be used solely to resolve authorship disputes, punish authors, or address minor errors that can be adequately corrected through a correction notice.

5. Retraction Procedures

When a potential ground for retraction is identified, the editorial team will assess the available evidence and determine whether further investigation is required.

The process may include:

1. Reviewing the published article and relevant supporting materials.

2. Requesting an explanation or response from the corresponding author and, where appropriate, other authors.

3. Consulting independent experts or relevant members of the editorial board.

4. Contacting the authors' institutions, research organizations, or other appropriate bodies when the concerns require further investigation.

5. Evaluating the evidence and determining the appropriate action based on the seriousness of the issue and its impact on the scholarly record.

Authors will ordinarily be given a reasonable opportunity to respond to the concerns. However, the journal may proceed with an appropriate editorial action when the evidence and circumstances justify doing so, even if the authors do not respond or disagree with the decision.

Retraction decisions will be made by the editor-in-chief or an appropriately delegated editor who has no relevant conflict of interest.

6. Publication of Retraction Notices

When an article is retracted, Alfazuna will publish a clear, publicly accessible retraction notice that:

• Identifies the retracted article by title, author names, publication details, and DOI, where available.

• States that the article has been retracted.

• Explains the principal reason for retraction with sufficient detail to inform readers.

• Identifies the party initiating the retraction where appropriate and feasible.

• Provides links between the retraction notice and the original article.

The retraction notice will be published promptly after the decision, subject to any necessary procedural steps. The original article will ordinarily remain accessible with a clear and prominent retraction marking to preserve the transparency and traceability of the scholarly record.

The journal will avoid removing a retracted article from its website except where removal is necessary for legal, safety, privacy, or other exceptional reasons. In such circumstances, the journal will provide an appropriate notice where feasible.

7. Expression of Concern

If credible concerns arise about a published article but the available evidence is insufficient to reach a final decision, Alfazuna may publish an Expression of Concern.

An expression of concern informs readers that an article is under examination because of potentially significant issues affecting its reliability or ethical status. It may be issued while the journal seeks clarification from authors, institutions, or other relevant parties.

An expression of concern does not itself constitute a finding of misconduct or a final decision to retract an article. The journal will review the matter as further information becomes available and may subsequently publish a correction, maintain the expression of concern, or retract the article, as appropriate.

8. Appeals and Disagreements

Authors may submit a reasoned appeal against a correction or retraction decision if they believe that the decision was based on a factual error, relevant evidence was overlooked, or the journal's procedures were not appropriately followed.

Appeals must be submitted in writing and include supporting reasons and evidence. Where appropriate, the journal may arrange an independent review by an editor or qualified individual who was not involved in the original decision.

Disagreement by an author with a retraction decision will not, by itself, prevent the journal from taking action when the available evidence supports the need to correct the scholarly record.

9. Indexing and Notification

Where applicable and technically feasible, Alfazuna will ensure that correction notices, expressions of concern, and retraction notices are appropriately linked to the original article and communicated to relevant indexing, abstracting, and scholarly record services.

The journal will follow the relevant technical and editorial requirements of its publishing platform and metadata registration services to maintain accurate publication records.

10. Commitment to Publication Integrity

Alfazuna: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban considers corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions essential mechanisms for maintaining trust in scholarly communication.

All decisions under this policy will be made fairly, transparently, and proportionately, with due consideration for the evidence, the rights of the parties involved, and the interests of readers and the academic community.

The journal's primary responsibility is to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record and ensure that published research remains reliable, accountable, and ethically responsible.