Driving Factors on Indonesian EFL Learners’ Willingness to Communicate (WTC) Using English: State of the Arts and Ways Forward
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15642/ijet2.2025.14.2.25-41Keywords:
EFL Learners, Willingness to SpeakAbstract
EFL students' communication ability is still far behind expectations due to their poor readiness to talk. It is unrealistic to expect students who are reluctant to speak in English to improve their communication abilities. The current study is undertaken to analyze the variables effect Indonesian EFL learners’ WTC in English class at secondary school and the teaching techniques may be utilized to encourage Indonesian EFL learners’ WTC in English class at secondary school. The current study offers a thorough literature evaluation of WTC research within the specific domain of EFL learners’ of secondary school in Indonesia. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guidelines were used in this review research to examine publications from Google Scholar. The papers included are 6 recognized journal articles identified in google scholar throughout the timeframe 2020 - 2024. The results shown that a number of variables, divided into situational and individual aspects, influence EFL learners' WTC. However, the tactics that EFL teachers might employ are: arranging the students’ chairs in a U shape, practicing Out-of-class English communications, using technology in language learning, and following conversation club. It is anticipated that teachers would use a variety of strategies to encourage more student participation throughout the class after identifying the contributing elements.
Downloads
References
Abd Rahman, L., Mohammad, W. M., Md. Isa, Z., & Ahmad, H. (2017). Corak Kajian Kebolehpasaran Siswazah di Malaysia: Sorotan antara Tahun 2010-2015: Pattern of Studies of Malaysia Graduates Employability: Review between 2010-2015. The Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah Journal (JSASS), 4(2 SE-), 31–43. http://jsass.kuis.edu.my/index.php/jsass/article/view/100
Azwar, T. A., Harahap, A., & Azwandi (2021). Factors Influencing Indonesian EFL Learners’ Willingness to Speak English in Classroom. Journal of English Teaching, 7(2), 216-228.
Cao, Y., & Philip, J. (2006). Interactional Context and Willingness to Communicate: A Comparison of Behavior in Whole Class, Group, And Dyadic Interaction. System, 34, 480-493.
Fallah, N., & Movahed, R. (2014). Foreign language anxiety and the EFL learners’ intention to continue their English language learning. Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, 7(15), 42–51.
Haddaway, N. R., Macura, B., Whaley, P., & Pullin, A. S. (2018). ROSES Reporting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses: Pro forma, flow-diagram and descriptive summary of the plan and conduct of environmental systematic reviews and systematic maps. Environmental Evidence, 7(1), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-018-0121-7
Havwini, T. (2019). Indonesian EFL students’ willingness to communicate in the 2013 curriculum implementation: A case study. Teflin Journal, 30(1), 105–120. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v30i1/105-120
Kamal, M. H., & Hussin, M. (2020). Analisis Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik (SLR) Berkaitan Penterjemahan Elemen Iltifāt. Al-Irsyad: Journal of Islamic and Contemporary Issues, 5(1), 197–210. https://doi.org/10.53840/alirsyad.v5i1.83
Kang, S. (2005). Dynamic Emergence of Situational Willingness to Communicate in a Second Language. System 33(2), 277-292
Kuckertz, A., & Block, J. (2021). Reviewing systematic literature reviews: Ten key questions and criteria for reviewers. Management Review Quarterly, 71(3), 519-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-021-00228-7
MacIntyre, P. D., Dörnyei, Z., Clément, R., & Noels, K. A. (1998). Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in an L2: A situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation. The Modern Language Journal, 82(4), 545-562.
MacIntyre, P. D., Clement, R., Dörnyei, Z., & Noels, K. A. (2001). Willingness to Communicate, Social Support, and Language Learning Orientation of Immersion Students. In Studies in Second Language Acquisition 23 (pp. 369-388).
MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S. C., Clement, R., Donovan, L. A. (2002). Sex and Age Effects on Willingness to Communicate, Anxiety, Perceived Competence, and L2 Motivation among Junior High School French Immersion Students. Language Learning, 52(3), 537-564.
Mulyono, H., & Saskia, R. (2020). Dataset on the effects of self-confidence, motivation and anxiety on Indonesian students’ willingness to communicate in face-to-face and digital settings. Data in Brief, 31, 105774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105774
Nafisah, N., Madjdi, A.H., Budi, F. (2023). Factors influencing EFL Learners’ Willingness To Speak English in The Classroom. Edulingua: Jurnal Linguistik Terapan Dan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, 10(1), 25–32.
Riasati, M. J., & Rahimi, F. (2018). Situational and individual factors engendering willingness to speak English in foreign language classrooms. Cogent Education, 5(1), 1-15.https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2018.1513313
Ribbins, P., & Gunter, H. (2002). Mapping Leadership Studies in Education. Educational Management & Administration, 30(4), 359–385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263211x020304002
Rubio, F. (2007). Self-esteem and foreign language learning. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104(August), 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Tan, K. E., Lee Yen Abdullah, M. N., Abdullah, A., Ahmad, N., Phairot, E., Jawas, U., & Liskinasih, A. (2020). Indonesian, Malaysian and thai secondary school students’ willingness to communicate in english. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 17(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.32890/mjli2020.17.1.1
Tong, J. (2010). Some Observations of Students’ Reticent and Participatory Behavior in Hong Kong English Classrooms. Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 7(2), 239- 254.
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on Conducting a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X17723971
Yunus, M., Efendi, E., Ronald, R., Ubaidillah, M. F., & Lee, H. Y. (2023). Willingness to Communicate in English: An Interview Study with Indonesian Vocational High School Students. Langkawi: Journal of The Association for Arabic and English, 9(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.31332/lkw.v0i0.5921
Zulaika, A. P., & Ovilia, R. (2022). Analysis of Factors Influencing Students’ Willingness to Speak English in English Classroom Interaction. Journal of English Language Teaching, 11(4), 369–382.
